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Is Alternative Medicine Pseudoscience?

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There is a lot of controversy surrounding alternative modalities of healing, and whether or not they are effective. My feelings on alternative medicine is that mainstream medicine should not be replaced by it, but rather complimented by it. It's not an all or nothing scenario. All alternative medicine is not good, but it's also not all bad.

Recently there was an article about parents who withheld medical treatment for their child to treat the child with homeopathy, and the child later died. This is a sad and tragic story, but does it prove homeopathy doesn't work? I don't think so. I think this case is more of a reflection on neglect and/or poor choices by the parents, as apposed to the failure of homeopathy. This case is a glaring example of why traditional medicine should not be ignored for alternative medicine.

Even with all the controversy, many medical professionals are now excepting that alternative healing practices can be helpful to patients when used in conjunction with their mainstream treatments.

Marilynn Marchione wrote Alternative Medicine Is Being Integrated Into Mainstream for The Huffington Post on Monday. Here is an excerpt from the article...

Alternative medicine has become mainstream. It is finding wider acceptance by doctors, insurers and hospitals like the shock trauma center at the University of Maryland Medical Center. Consumer spending on it in some cases rivals that of traditional health care.

People turn to unconventional therapies and herbal remedies for everything from hot flashes and trouble sleeping to cancer and heart disease. They crave more "care" in their health care. They distrust drug companies and the government. They want natural, safer remedies.

I agree with most of what she's written about the supplement market and the lack of government regulation (it's bad), but alternative medicine is so much more than just supplements.

Angelique talks about 5 Reasons You Should Consider Alternative Healing...

There are many reasons to choose alternative healing over traditional forms of medicine. There’s the cost, the holistic approach, no side effects. The list goes on.

For those still on the fence about alternative healing, I found an article that lists the top 5 reasons why anyone should consider it from a practical standpoint.

Well, I would have to disagree with Angelique on this one. The cost is often times more for alternative healing, because it's not usually covered by insurance. And even holistic medicine has side effects. But even so, that doesn't mean you shouldn't consider alternative medicine.

From The Edge - Alternative and Allopathic Medicine: Peaceful Partnership...

Even though the scalpel may remove the tumor, since the disease effects the whole of its host/creator, the whole self must disinvite the disease and anchor wellness. In my own healing process, besides doing the inner work I knew I had to do, I researched diet, finding stunning similarities between the cancer-healing diets of Edgar Cayce and that suggested by the Center for Advancement in Cancer Education, which is based on growing edge clinical research.

I resolved the few differences between these sources with my own intuitive work and came up with a diet that can be fine-tuned for anyone who wants to heal from or prevent cancer. Bottom line: an alkaline diet rich in veggies and fruits, fiber, nuts and (non-peanut) legumes and, wild-caught fish, free-range poultry and eggs.

I am certain that the holistic modalities that I used to complement my medical care were important factors in my healing: Hypnotherapy, Self-Hypnosis, Meditation, Massage (both traditional and lymphatic drainage), Reiki, Sacro-cranial treatments, Acupuncture, Emotional Freedom Technique and Affirmative Prayer. Without them I believe my disease would have progressed faster; with them my recovery speeded up and my body healed not only from the disease but from the potentially devastating effects of the treatment.

Dr. Amy from The Skeptical OB calls Alternative Health Pseudoscience. Her perspective is interesting, but I think it's also an example of why an all or nothing approach isn't helpful.

The current popularity of "alternative" health is a sad testament to the pervasive appeal of pseudoscience among Americans. As a general matter, "alternative" health is the belief that simple measures (nutritional supplements, herbs, laying on of hands) are effective in preventing and treating serious illness. "Alternative" health promotes the happy fantasy that we have more control over our health than we actually do.

Like most claims of pseudoscience, "alternative" health rests on the twin pillars of lack of knowledge and magical thinking. Lack of knowledge is easy to explain. If you don't

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dianaelee 5 pts

When patients self report their results that is subjective, not objective. My point is that researchers sometimes successfully create the appearance that a medication is better than placebo whether or not this is acutally the case.

Visit me at http://somebodyhealme.dianalee.net

Catherine Morgan 5 pts

Hi Snigdha.  Thanks for taking the time to address the different ways people around the world view holistic and alternative medicine. 

 :-)

Contributing Editor Catherine Morgan
at Catherine-Morgan.com ( http://catherine-morgan.com/ ) and Women4Hope ( http://women4hope.wordpress.com/ )

Catherine Morgan 5 pts

Hi Amber.  Thanks for commenting, I totally agree.

Contributing Editor Catherine Morgan
at Catherine-Morgan.com ( http://catherine-morgan.com/ ) and Women4Hope ( http://women4hope.wordpress.com/ )

Catherine Morgan 5 pts

I hardly think it is "unethical" for me to blog about my "opinion" on alternative medicine...I am not a practitioner of it, and I have not recommended it to anyone.  I believe that we should all have the choice to consider all modalities of healing.  I have had Reiki and Acupuncture in the past with success, and if the opportunity arose I would use these treatments again (in conjunction with traditional medical treatments). 

As far as the placebo effect goes...Scientific studies have proven that it is much more than a "psychosomatic" effect...

There is evidence that placebo can have a biochemical influence on
the status of a patient. Dr Benedetti and his colleague Dr Luana
Colloca also report placebos trigger dopamine in patients suffering
Parkinson’s disease.

In a study undertaken in 2004, they showed that, following
conditioning, individual neurons in the brain responded to a salt
solution in the same way as they did to a prescribed drug given to
relieve tremors. Patients that ‘felt’ better, released dopamine and
their symptoms improved.  --read more here ( http://psychology.suite101.com/article.cfm/the_pla... )

 Thanks for your comments.  At this point, I think we can agree to disagree.

Contributing Editor Catherine Morgan
at Catherine-Morgan.com ( http://catherine-morgan.com/ ) and Women4Hope ( http://women4hope.wordpress.com/ )

Amy TuteurMD 5 pts

 "Many studies of drugs really don't differentiate between whether the
patient's condition is actually better or whether the patient thinks
the condition is better because of placebo effect."

That's flat out false.

What do you think they do when they study whether a substance works? Almost every treatment is tested against a placebo. In order for a medication or treatment to be considered effective, it must have a GREATER effect than a placebo.

That's also how we know that alternative treatments don't work. They are no better than placebos.

Amy TuteurMD

dianaelee 5 pts

I suppose the same way that Western doctors can blindly believe the wildly biased studies of pharmaceuticals and firmly believe they will help people when this often isn't even close to true.

Many studies of drugs really don't differentiate between whether the patient's condition is actually better or whether the patient thinks the condition is better because of placebo effect. Certainly some studies employ objective measures, but many, many do not. This is no different than when someone receives acupuncture and feels better.

Visit me at http://somebodyhealme.dianalee.net

Amy TuteurMD 5 pts

Dear Catherine,

"Even though I'm not a scientist, I don't believe my post reflects a "serious misunderstanding" of alternative remedies."

I'd like to ask you some ethical questions, and I hope you will take the time to reply.

May I ask why you have not reviewed the scientific literature on alternative health remedies? Isn't that like writing a book review recommending a new book without having read it?

Don't you think you have a moral obligation to read all possible evidence on something that has the power to seriously harm people before suggesting that they should risk their health and wellbeing by believing in it?

Let me try to address the question you asked me.

"I'm interested in how you reconcile your strong belief in scientific fact with the placebo effect?"

Why should I have any difficulty reconciling scientific fact with the placebo effect? The placebo effect IS a scientific fact. It was discovered, described and measured by scientists. 

Contrary to what alternative health advocates like to claim, scientists are very much aware of the mind-body connection. (Think psychosomatic illness, for example.) Scientists know that it is absolutely imperative to subtract the placebo effect from any evidence that a substance works.

The placebo effect is "psychosomatic." You can evoke the placebo effect by feeding someone dirt and claiming it is medicine. So when alternative health advocates invoke the placebo effect to show that an alternative treatment "works" they are essentially saying that the alternative treatment is equally effective as feeding someone dirt.

How can alternative health practitioners ethically justify charging people money for a treatment that is no more effective than dirt?

Sincerely,

Amy

Amy TuteurMD

Catherine Morgan 5 pts

Hi Dr. Amy, thanks for taking the time to comment on my post.  Although, I still have to respectfully disagree with your conclusions regarding alternative medicine.  Even though I'm not a scientist, I don't believe my post reflects a "serious misunderstanding" of alternative remedies.

I'm interested in how you reconcile your strong belief in scientific fact with the placebo effect?  If science has proven that a mind/body connection exists in medicine...Is it really that far fetched that alternative medicine might have some benefits as well?

This is from the American Cancer Societies website ( http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3x... )...

Many think the placebo effect occurs because the patient
believes in the substance, the treatment, or the doctor. The patient's
mind somehow causes other physical changes in the body. The patient
expects to feel better, and therefore he or she does feel better. If a
person feels better after taking a placebo, however, it doesn't
necessarily mean the person's illness or symptoms were not real.

Since many scientific tests have shown the placebo effect, it
is one way we know for sure that the mind and body are connected. Some
scientific evidence suggests that the placebo effect may be partly due
to the release of endorphins in the brain. Endorphins are the body's
natural pain killers. There is probably more to it than this, however.

What is commonly called the placebo effect even plays a role
in mainstream medicine. Many people feel better after they get medical
treatments when they expect them to work. But the opposite can also
happen and this seems to support the idea of the expectation effect
even more. For example, in one study, people with Alzheimer's disease
were less affected by pain medicines, and required higher
doses--possibly because they had forgotten they were getting the drugs,
or that the pain medicines had worked for them before.

Although we may not know exactly how it works, the idea that
the mind can affect the body has been around for years and is
well-proven in certain situations. Many ancient cultures depended on
mind-body connections to treat illness. Shamans or medicine men would
not have viewed their efforts as placebos. However, their healing
powers may have worked in the same way, partly through the patient's
strong belief that the shaman's treatments would restore health. Or it
could be that the sick person was going to get better anyway, but the
recovery was thought to be because of the treatment--which may have
done nothing for the illness.

Contributing Editor Catherine Morgan
at Catherine-Morgan.com ( http://catherine-morgan.com/ ) and Women4Hope ( http://women4hope.wordpress.com/ )

AmberS 5 pts

I have used alternative therapies, although not extensively. And I haven't in some time. If I need medical help for myself or my family I see a physician.

However, we all know that conventional medicine isn't infallible. I have taken medications that didn't work as promised. And I have encountered problems that my doctor couldn't resolve. There isn't always an easy answer. So I can understand what drives people to look beyond conventional wisdom when their doctor can't really help them.

I think the real answer is to treat people more holistically. We are complex beings, and there are often emotional and lifestyle components that affect our health. I think that considering the whole person, and really taking the time with each patient, is where conventional medicine can learn from alternative medicine. Because really sometimes all that someone needs is to be made to feel better, to be listened to. This is more art than science, but it's a very real need all the same.

~ Amber

www.strocel.com ( http://www.strocel.com )

Amy TuteurMD 5 pts

Thanks for taking the time to quote from my post and respond to it. I'd like to address some of the issues that you raised.

" Just because something can not be "scientifically" proven today, doesn't mean it won't be proven in the future."

1. That statement reflects a very serious misunderstanding about the state of knowledge of alternative remedies. It's not simply that alternative remedies have not yet been scientifically proven to work; the reality is that alternative remedies have been scientifically proven NOT to work.

There have been a myriad of studies of claims of alternative practitioners and NONE have supported the contentions of alternative practitioners.

2. It is the MORAL obligation of advocates of alternative health to be SURE that an alternative treatment is safe and effective before they recommend it. It is morally wrong to advocate a treatment, and to accept money for the treatment if you don't have proof that it works.

"And at one time, before there was proof that the world was round,
everyone believed it was flat. Was it flat just because the science
wasn't available to prove it wasn't? No."

That statement offers more support for my view, not yours. Simply put, that statement means that what people "believe" about something is completely unrelated to reality. So the fact that alternative health advocates "believe" that alternative health works tells us absolutely nothing about whether it works.

"Let's face it, even when things are scientifically proven one day, they are often scientifically dis-proven the next."

That's not true, either. What is reported (often erroneously) in the media changes from day to day, but what the scientific literature shows does not change in that way. That's why it is absolutely criticial to read scientific papers if you want to know about scientific phenomena.

Alternative health is the medical equivalent of astrology. Just like astrology, it is nothing more than pseudoscience.

Amy TuteurMD

snigdhasen 5 pts

It depends on where you are coming from. For instance, in India, some of the so-called "alternative treatments", like Ayurved, Yoga and Unani systems ( http://www.epo.org/topics/news/2009/20090211.html ),  predate "mainstream" or "conventional" medicine, making it more a part of the system than outside it.

Which is probably why parts of the world that are familiar with such alternatives are more comfortable with them. Also, by practice, educated people generally know how much traditional medicine can or cannot help. For instance, a close friend went to an acupuncturist (in the U.S.) to see if he could help with his thyroid and dry mouth problems. My friend was already being treated -- with little success for dry mouth -- by conventional/Western doctors. The acupuncturist told him he would try, but was unlikely to succeed as thyroid was a gland our forefathers who established accupuncuture were not aware of at that time.

That kind of honesty and knowledge helps in understanding how far traditional and/or alternative treatments can help. 

My parents use homoeopathy quite often for simple aches, pains and stomach upsets. It works well for them. But they are also sensitive to when a problem is getting out of hand and needs to be looked at by a "mainstream" doctor.

A lot of people prefer alternatives just to reduce dependency on strong pills and chemicals. Yes, I too use simple traditional remedies like neti for nasal or sinus allergies, mint balls or carom seeds ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajwain )for gas/upset stomach, clove for tooth ache, etc, with much success. I have also used traditional medicines and homoeopathy with varied degrees of success/failures.

But when it comes to serious problems a more holistic approach -- which includes "mainstream" testing and treatment -- is essential, I think.

As far as the couple in Australia is concerned, I agree with you that what happened to their child has little to do with the medication itself. Those people seem to have had something else on their minds. It is a bizarre case of negligence.