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Hi, I'm Karen Ballum, but I'm better know around the web as Sassymonkey. I live in Ottawa, Ontario -- Canada's national capital. (No, I do not li...
 
 
 
 

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Author Admits Holocaust Memoir A Hoax

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Once upon a time there was a little girl whose parents were killed by the Nazis in World War II. Abandoned, the girl takes to the woods, wandering the forests of Europe for four years. Along the way she was adopted by a pack of wolves who help protect from the Nazis. Does it sound a little fantastic? Well, it is. Author Misha Defonseca admitted that her Holocaust memoir is a hoax. Oh yes, she's not Jewish either. Of course all of this is after earning millions of dollars, having the book translated into eighteen languages and selling the film rights to it.

Reaction is not...kind. Sure, we all had plenty to say about James Frey. But Defonseca didn't just deceive us but she lied about the Holocaust. She exploited a tragic event. It feels like a betrayal.

From the blog Scruffy Immigrant Section

Apparently Defonseca's bestseller describes her flight across Europe as an eight year old befriended by a pack of wolves. Now, is it just me, or does that sound a little farfetched from the outset? Certainly, there are incredible tales of survival from the Holocaust, but being adopted by wolves is pretty out there by any standards; how closely did the publishers look into the history of this before snapping up the manuscript?
[...]
The point is when a talented writer weaves a story which touches a wide audience very deeply, and in which the emotional pull of the story rests on its objective "truth", that audience will inevitably feel betrayed if elements are proved to be falsified. Their emotional contact is lost, they feel suspicious of similar publications, and their belief in the cause or period of history in question is weakened.
The Wilkomirski Phenomenon

Not sure who Wilkomirski is? Binjamin Wilkomirski is another person who faked a Holocaust survivor identity and wrote a fake memoir.

Is this what people lie about to sell memoirs in Europe? From University Diaries

If you’re an American, you have to go with pretend drug addiction; a European background makes you eligible for the Holocaust.

Defonseca admits the story is hers and but that it was not her reality in her public statement. She also says that she didn't want to publish it but was convinced to by publisher Jane Daniel. Reaction to this piece of the statement is raising some hackles, including those of Kathleen at Parlez Moi Blog. From her post Misha Can't Stop Lying Even Now:

Not satisfied with the $22 million dollar judgement she got against Daniel, Misha continues to insist it's all Jane Daniel's fault that she lied about her experiences as a child in Europe, that she lied about her heritage, that she spoke in schools and universities all over this country and Europe about her invented experiences, that she sold the movie rights, that she re-wrote the book to eliminate her real name and sold it in Europe in 17 languages. It's all somebody else's fault --- certainly not hers!

Yes she sued the publisher. Even though the book was fiction and she hadn't wanted to publish it Defonseca and her co-writer Vera Lee (who by all accounts believed it to be a truthful story) sued Jane Daniel for breach of contract. They obviously did have a case for it as the court found that royalty payments had been withheld, money had been hidden and the publisher had failed to market the book. A judge then decided that Mt. Ivy, Daniel's publishing house owed Defonseca and Lee $32.4 million and reverted the rights to the book to Defonseca. Following the trial Daniel's set about to prove the memoir was a hoax and started a blog, Bestseller about the book and the case.

The Boston Globe calls the whole thing a den of lies. And really, it's hard to argue with that.

Defonseca created a pretend reality to deal with some traumatic childhood events. Her parents, part of the resistance movement, really were killed by the Nazi regime. She grew up with family whom she says treated her horribly. Should be be forgiven for deceiving the public? Wicked Boring doesn't think so.

The author is claiming that the fiction is all psychological, because she was scarred for life as a child and built her own fantasy world (and yadda, yadda).

Defonseca, in her seventies, is an elderly woman now. Should she be forgiven or treated kindly due to her age?

The author currently lives in Massachusetts and is 71 years old. I mention her age specifically because I know that

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Suzanne 5 pts

Love and Consequences, a mostly well-reviewed "memoir" of growing up in foster care in South Central LA that came out just last week, was also revealed to be untrue. According to The New York Times ( http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/04/books/04fake.htm... ), the author's older sister reported the fraud when she saw her sister's picture in the paper. It seems that the author used many other peoples' true stories, wove them together, changed some details, and sold it as her own.

I don't blame anyone for losing faith in this genre. As Elisa pointed out, publishers are in such a rush to make money that common sense and caution are thrown to the wind. Scandal, hardship, and misery sell, but certainly not when they are untrue.

Suzanne Reisman ( http://blogher.org/member/suzanne ), Contributing Editor - Feminism & Gender ( http://blogher.org/topic/feminism-gender )
Campaign for Unshaved Snatch (CUSS)& Other Rants ( http://cussandotherrants.com/ )

JenInShanghai 5 pts

I guess it pays more to have a real story. Maybe I should give the memoir genre another chance. I just can't quite get that Running With Scissors Book out of my head and think of it every time I pick up a memoir. But then again... that stupid bengal tiger from The Life of Pi still haunts me and that was fiction..... well giving up reading is not an option so I will just have to keep trying! Thanks for the insight Elisa.

Elisa Camahort 5 pts

I have an author friend who wrote a charming book of stories about being a teacher. Sort of a Chicken Soup for the Teacher's Soul kind of funny, poignant, feel-good book. He was completely green and wrote the whole thing before even starting to send it out to agents. And when I say "stories" that includes the fact that he added little fictional elements.

He did get an agent who was successful in getting publisher interest. The agent had *assumed* it was totally non-fiction (given he was a teacher in real life) and when she found out that parts of it were fictional she freaked out and walked him through the entire book asking him what was true and what wasn't. She had him remove every element that was blatantly untrue, but on the other hand she felt that combining characters or exaggerating or amplifying certain moments was perfectly OK. And I think most names were changed to protect the privacy of the kids/parents.

He was kind of surprised it mattered. Why did he have to do a re-write to make it non-fiction instead of fiction? She told him that she would be lucky to get him anything for his book if it were just fiction. The only thing that made it compelling to the publishers was that he was a real guy with a real story. They would only care about it if it were really his life. I won't divulge his book deal, but let's just say that the $$ amount she thought she could get him for a fictionalized account was less than 20% of what she eventually got him for his non-fiction book.

Elisa Camahort
BlogHer
elisa@blogher.org

sassymonkey 6 pts

Why does the author feel that they (referring to fraudulent memoirs in general here) have to claim their story as true?

Very good question. I wish someone would give us answers.

Sassymonkey ( http://sassymonkey.ca/ ) and Sassymonkey Reads ( http://sassymonkeyreads.wordpress.com/ ).

sassymonkey 6 pts

I haven't completely given up on memoirs but I'm kind of finicky about them. I have Judith Jones' memoir on my wish list and I really do look forward to reading it. Actually come to think of it, I read a lot of food memoirs.

What I like about memoirs is that they are more informal than biographies. It often feels like it's more like someone telling you a story than just reciting facts. It can be more intimate. And I hate that it's being tainted.

Sassymonkey ( http://sassymonkey.ca/ ) and Sassymonkey Reads ( http://sassymonkeyreads.wordpress.com/ ).

sassymonkey 6 pts

You don't play with it. You certainly don't lie about it!

Sassymonkey ( http://sassymonkey.ca/ ) and Sassymonkey Reads ( http://sassymonkeyreads.wordpress.com/ ).

sassymonkey 6 pts

That's the word that keeps going through my head.

Sassymonkey ( http://sassymonkey.ca/ ) and Sassymonkey Reads ( http://sassymonkeyreads.wordpress.com/ ).

sassymonkey 6 pts

If Frey's book was so gosh darned good as everyone was saying why couldn't he had found someone who would publish it as fiction. I thought that I had heard he tried.

And if someone won't publish something as fiction because it's too unbelievable what does it say about us as a society that we eat these books up as memoirs?

Sassymonkey ( http://sassymonkey.ca/ ) and Sassymonkey Reads ( http://sassymonkeyreads.wordpress.com/ ).

sassymonkey 6 pts

By no means so I think that her childhood was happy. I really, really do. But having read a whack of articles I do question the credibility of her assertion that she was treated horribly by her family.

She blames Daniel for making her publish the book saying that she never wanted to do so. And then when after a lawsuit against Daniel in which the book rights were reverted to her she turns around and publishes it in 18 languages, does speaking tours, sells the film rights to the book and becomes a multimillionaire. Before all of that she volunteered her story to the local Jewish congregation.

She clearly has a few issues. And yes her childhood very well may have been as bad as she remembered. I do sympathize with that. But the "It's not my fault" excuse - well, she's the girl that cried wolf on that one.

Sassymonkey ( http://sassymonkey.ca/ ) and Sassymonkey Reads ( http://sassymonkeyreads.wordpress.com/ ).

OldDani 5 pts

with labelling a work of fiction as fiction? I don't understand the appeal of calling fiction a memoir. It's insulting to reader's and in this case, insulting to holocaust victims. It also shows a lack of self-confidence on the author's behalf. Why does the author feel that they (referring to fraudulent memoirs in general here) have to claim their story as true? Why do they not have enough faith in their story to believe it would have appeal as fiction? In this particular case, why could the author not have stated that her story was a fiction inspired by the trauma she experienced during the second world war? So many questions but now that he author has been exposed as less than truthful, who is going ot believe the answers?

Blogging at http://www.kitchenplayground.wordpress.com & http://www.otherplayground.wordpress.com
"Farnham (n.) The feeling you get about four o'clock in the afternoon when you haven't got enough done." -The Meaning of Liff, Douglas Adams

Marie D. 5 pts

I think indeed that you don't play with the Holocaust and this book could have been a good fiction book and nothing more.

On the other hand, it is now established that this women did go through some horrible things during the war. Her parents were resistants but got caught and killed. She was only a little girl and the people she went to live with kept on blaming her, saying her dad had spoken under torture before getting killed, and he had given the name of other resistants who got caught by his fault.
I am not saying this is a good enough reason for lying, it is not. But sometimes you do really stupid things in an attempt to change the ugly things in your life.

Suzanne 5 pts

Jen, your comment is particularly interesting to me because I think memoir is an interesting format when handled properly. It is one of the few genres that lets "average" people tell their own stories as they see them. However, I think that the genre has been completely hijacked. It seems like publishers are only interested in sensational stories - abuse, addiction, extreme poverty, etc. - and that writers are either intentionally or unintentionally changing their stories to meet this demand. Most memoirists, as far as I know, are not nearly as unethical as this situation, but anyone who deliberately trumps their stories up hurts the credibility of the format.

At some point, I'd like to write a memoir about my basically 100% normal experience growing up, as I think there is enough pathos in adolescence to wring some great stories from. I actually think there is an audience out there that wants to read things they can relate to. If anything positive comes out of these scandals, perhaps it will be that publishers back away from the outlandish and sensational and look for other types of stories as well. Hopefully, the public will still be around by the time that happens, if it ever does.

Suzanne Reisman ( http://blogher.org/member/suzanne ), Contributing Editor - Feminism & Gender ( http://blogher.org/topic/feminism-gender )
Campaign for Unshaved Snatch (CUSS)& Other Rants ( http://cussandotherrants.com/ )

JenInShanghai 5 pts

Great post Sassymonkey. I have given up on memoirs. After reading Running with Scissors a few years ago and questioning a HUGE portion of that book I decided to give it up. This only reinforces my decision. I still read biographies of world leaders, and hopefully those will only have a few half-truths in them, not then entire book.
I agree with Jill. Label it as it is and don't lie about it. How can you be intelligent enough to write an entire novel, sell millions of copies of it and not ever consider that people will question the work when you label it a memoir?

Kim Pearson 5 pts

You don't play with the Holocaust.

Kim
BlogHer Contributing Editor ( http://blogher.org/blog/kim-pearson )|Professor Kim ( http://professorkim.blogspot.com )|

Suzanne 5 pts

With so many maniacs insisting that the Holocaust never happened, books like these only add fuel to their crazy fire. It is a horrible thing on so many levels.

Suzanne Reisman ( http://blogher.org/member/suzanne ), Contributing Editor - Feminism & Gender ( http://blogher.org/topic/feminism-gender )
Campaign for Unshaved Snatch (CUSS)& Other Rants ( http://cussandotherrants.com/ )

Jill Miller Zimon 5 pts

"This is what it is" and leave it there - that is, if it's a fiction, say it's fiction. If it's nonfiction, say it's nonfiction. I do not understand, esp. if someone is a good writer, why they must feel that they must be the one who experienced what they're writing about in order for it to be worthy. People who appreciate good writing will like it regardless.

Anyway - that's what I think. All this plagiarizing and not owning up to what is real and what isn't - where does this come from!?

Jill
Writes Like She Talks ( http://www.writeslikeshetalks.com )