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Cat litter: An environmentalist's dilemma

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I don't have cats, but did get a sample of the newish Arm & Hammer Essentials Clumping Cat Litter -- and so gave it to my cat-owning friend Summer to review it for me. That little decision's ended up being a huge time sucker, namely because there doesn't seem to be a clear answer to this question: What's the most environmentally sound way to dispose of used cat litter?

Pose this question to 10 kitty-owning environmentalists, and you'll likely get 10 different answers. Sure, they'll all agree that conventional clay cat litter's not the best way to go, since that clay comes via strip mining. But that's about where the agreements end.

The kitty litter conundrum stems from the fact that cats can carry toxoplasma gondii -- a parasite that can be passed to humans or other animals via cat feces. Basically, different kitty owners have differing opinions as to how dangerous this toxo risk is -- leading to the very varied recommended methods for eco-disposal of cat doodoo.

Some say flush the stuff, whether by training your cat to poop directly into the toilet, or by using a biodegradable and flushable kitty litter. However, the Sea Otter Alliance urges people not to do this, since otters can get toxoplasmosis and die. In fact, this otter death issue was the impetus behind the new Jan. 2007 law in California, requiring companies to put a warning on kitty litter packaging about the dangers of flushing cat poop.

Other environmentalists recommend composting or burying the stuff -- but of course, you then run the risk of infecting your garden and groundwater with toxo. The Sea Otter Alliance goes so far as to urge cat owners to keep their pets indoors AND to remove cat poop from their yard: "Toxo “eggs” last for months in soil and can move into rivers and oceans during the rainy season."

Yet some environmentalists feel it's their green duty to ignore this warning. The Green Lantern at Slate summarizes their arguments thusly:

Skeptics have pointed out that cats haven't definitively been identified as the culprit [for otter deaths]. They note that only 1 percent of cat feces samples in one recent study carried Toxoplasma, that indoor cats are especially unlikely to catch the parasite, and that many infected otters may actually be dying of other causes. It's also not clear how much Toxoplasma affects other kinds of marine life.

The Lantern concludes that as long as the cats remain indoors and proper precautions are taken, flushing's permissible. That's what environmentalist Beth at Fake Plastic Fish does -- after having had her cats test negative for toxo.

Those who let their cats outside or who are still leery about the toxo concerns are left with the landfill, which every environment loathes sending stuff to. Certainly, the thought of all that toxo-contaminated cat poop piling up in trash dumps day after day, week after week, year after year's pretty depressing. Plus, if one's gone out of her way to buy eco-friendly, biodegradable kitty litter, sending the stuff to a landfill where biodegrading's unlikely seems rather pointless.

Some cat owners will argue that landfilling cat poop's no safer for humans and animals, since landfills can leach stuff into the groundwater too -- so toxo could get into our environment anyway. After all, environmentalists try to preach that you can't throw something away because there's no such thing as "away" -- since we're all connected. Landfilling kitty litter, thus, seems a rather undesirable short term solution to the dirty problem of cat poop....

All the reading up I've done on cat poop has given me no definitive answers, but has definitely grossed me out and scared me off of ever owning a cat -- even if I suddenly stopped being allergic to them. Those felines seem like pretty nasty creatures on the inside, though cute on the outside --

About the Arm & Hammer litter itself? Well, the enviro specs look good, since the biodegradable litter's made with 91.35% renewable materials (87% from corncobs) and has half the density of clumping clay litters (less to recycle). However, the litter did not get a good review from Summer's household. Though the litter reportedly clumped well, it also has a very strong, synthetic smell akin to artificial air fresheners. Unfortunately, that powerful perfume did not effectively mask the smell of cat poop itself -- so the litterbox emitted two funky smells at once.

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clairmoon 5 pts

I live on a small farm in the norther Arizona mountains. I use alfalfa in the cat boxes. Safe and keeps the order down. I empty and wash out. Simple. I realize this is not good for city dwellers. But it's certainly green. I see you are from Hollywood, CA. I grew up in Venice Beach.

margopego 5 pts

I find it interesting that you wrote on this since you yourself don't have a cat, but it's the good kind of interesting. :) As a woman who has a cat sharing her home, (if either one of us owns the other, I'd say HE owns me! :) haha) this is, of course, an important issue for me. I had used pine shavings for a while, but Dublin couldn't stand that, & he made it very clear by taking his business elsewhere, away from the litter box, shall we say. So I switched back to the traditional clay, non-flushable stuff. My landlord takes all my garbage, along with that of him & his family, & burns it on the farm on which he works. To be honest, I don't know how environmentally sound that is, but that's what happens here.

I haven't given the issue of environmental litter an iota of thought before, but now that you've made me more aware, I'm going to be looking into other brands of litter, especially since it's almost time for me to buy a new box. Thank-you! :)

ahermitt 5 pts

 We don't have any smell problems for at least 3 to4 days with newspaper, but you really have to fill the bin.  Also, different cat foods have different smells.  We have learned to avoid the more smelly foods.

No one knows we have a cat in our house unless they see her.

http://twitter.com/ahermitt

A few of my blogs:

http://www.nfahm.blogspot.com/

http://www.examiner.com/x-673-Education-Exami

AmberS 5 pts

Your post had me laughing at the idea of teaching your cat to use the toilet.  My sister tried this with mixed results, but it was a lot of work for only a few successful occasions.  I am so not going there.  I have enough problems with my 3-year-old, I do not need to add the family pet to the mix!

~ Amber

www.strocel.com ( http://www.strocel.com )

Crunchy Carpets 5 pts

NOTHING for the smell.

The pine pellets is good..and our cats seem to like it.

Clumping stuff..the clay stuff anyway is so bad for you and the cat...we ended up with a kitty with an enlarged bowel due to impacted litter in it...yuck.

You also need to watch apparently for something called Parvovirus B19...animals can carry it... 

Look for me at http://crunchycarpets.com or check out the ladies at www.wetcoastwomen.com ( http://www.wetcoastwomen.com )

ahermitt 5 pts

 I shred paper to use for cat litter.  I haven't purchased the stuff in years.  Just take an old phone book, a newspaper, a magazine, mail, whatever, and rip in in shreds... 1 cat can use it for 4 days without odor.

I don't know what to do about  the toxo.. but assuming my cat is and indoor 16 year old cat and still kicking, I doubt she has it.

http://twitter.com/ahermitt

A few of my blogs:

http://www.nfahm.blogspot.com/

http://www.examiner.com/x-673-Education-Exami

Robyns Online World 5 pts

One of my favorite blogs, moderncat, just recently had a "Litter Week" and they compared lots of different litters and boxes and environmental issues and health issues. Make sure you look at all of them labeled LITTER WEEK to get all the scoop (ha ha, get it scoop, cat litter LOL)

http://www.moderncat.net/category/litter-hygiene/

Robyn's Online World

Blog:
http://robynsonlineworld.blogspot.com

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http://twitter.com/RobynsWorld

Beth Terry 8 pts

I think it's awesome that you spent so much time researching cat litter when you don't even have your own cat.  Makes me think I should spend more time researching alternatives to plastic children's toys, even though I don't have kids.

One of the more enviro-friendly litters is SweatScoop, which is made from wheat and comes in a paper bag.  Unfortunately, it doesn't work very well.  Smells bad.  And one of my cats prefers the floor.

World's Best Cat Litter is awesome, but it comes in a heavy plastic bag. Oh, and it's made from corn.  Not so enviro, actually.

Allie has a recipe for making your own cat litter out of newspaper:

http://alliesanswers.com/tip-of-the-day/tip-of-the... ( http://alliesanswers.com/tip-of-the-day/tip-of-the... )

Kudos to her.  It's never gonna happen in the Fake Plastic Fish household.

Beth Terry http://www.fakeplasticfish.com

AllisonWonder 5 pts

Thanks for the post, and for getting your friend to review the A&H litter. We're currently trying to decide on what kind of litter we want to use for our (indoor) cats. I might try the A&H stuff, myself- the box is in the basement, and if I scoop every day the poop smell might not be SO bad. Wait, no... it's always bad.

Cats aren't really all that nasty on the inside- 1% isn't a heck of a lot of animals carrying a disease- fewer than I expected, anyway. Now, if you ask my husband, he'll tell you that they're pure evil inside, but that has little to nothing to do with litter disposal. ;)

Allison Wonder

http://adventuresinhomeeconomics.wordpress.com