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Universities Must Take Responsibility for Student Drinking

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Trash strewn throughout neighborhoods, young men uprooting stop signs, people peeing in front yards, drunken brawls, people breaking into strangers' homes and falling asleep there, men punching pizza delivery drivers, and women vandalizing police cars.  No, it's not Skid Row, a gang-infested community, or a post-apocalyptic landscape.  Rather, it's 1 a.m. in a relatively upscale professorial neighborhood of State College, Pennsylvania.  The National Public Radio show This American Life recently profiled the city and Pennsylvania State University, which was recently ranked the #1 "party school" by the Princeton Review.

Here's a snippet from early in the episode:

There are three girls in mini skirts, under a streetlight, fully visible. . . One girl hikes up her skirt.  "They're peeing in my yard. . .  That's my car, OK, and three feet back is a girl's white ass, peeing. . .  You know that might be why the plants grow really really well in that spot, I'm just realizing."  Sarah's caught other groups of girls peeing in that same spot.  Once she heard a girl say, "This is a good place.  I go here all the time."

Host Ira Glass reports researchers have found that Penn State and State College exhibit several key factors that tend to coalesce into an epidemic of irresponsible undergraduate drinking.  Among these are a large undergraduate population, a big fraternity system, a successful football team, and relative geographic isolation.  He cites a sobering statistic: 1700 U.S. college students die each year from alcohol-related injuries.

At the risk of sounding like a total killjoy, what I heard in the Penn State episode of This American Life is profoundly disturbing and is, I believe, a primary symptom of a larger problem inflected in university life--and particularly life at major public universities--in much of the U.S.:  Universities are now serving as a conduit for the extension of adolescence rather than as a place for students to grow intellectually and emotionally.

I'm not buying the argument made by some of the people Glass interviews that young adults need this time to be wild so that they can (a) enjoy their lives while they're still young because once they're in the working world, they won't have as many opportunities to get plastered and (b) getting drunk and making horrible mistakes is an important learning experience that is key to growing up.

The first college I attended used to have very strict rules about men and women being in one another's dorm rooms--ones that I saw mirrored at conservative Christian colleges, even though it is a public college.  As an 18-year-old who was 3,000 miles from home and experiencing horrible homesickness, the last thing on my mind was how easily I might have sex in my dorm room.  But by the time I had transferred to my third college, I had matured significantly and understood that college was a time and place where I would enjoy a good deal of independence.  I appreciated, therefore, that Grinnell had a policy of not acting in loco parentis; the college trusted us to make reasonable choices as students, as residents of the town, and as young citizens of the world.  In fact, the college trusted its students so much that it allowed the student government to use funds provided by the college to serve free beer at sponsored parties on campus.

But Grinnell students apparently--OK, obviously--are quite different from those at Penn State or at other universities I've attended or visited.  As anecdotes and statistics about rape, drunken sex, public urination, more serious crime, injuries, and alcoholism on college campuses and in college towns attest, many public university students aren't ready to assume the responsibility that comes with consuming alcohol.  Both out of consideration for the neighbors and for the sake of students' health, universities need to be held more accountable for their students' behavior and more responsible for rigorous programs that help students make good decisions about drinking.

Historiann recently wrote that widespread undergraduate drinking is a symptom of an "impoverished undergraduate vision of adulthood":

I understand the feeling that college is a special time in life–it most certainly is.  What’s more disturbing is the impoverished vision of adulthood this belief implies.  Instead of seeing graduation from college as an exciting beginning of their lives as free adults who can explore the world, establish themselves in their chosen fields, and/or engage in creative projects, it’s just the first blow of the work whistle they’ll be waking up to for the rest of their lives.  For example:  it’s striking to me how

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Nancy G 5 pts

I listened to the "Party School" program this week and was blown away by the "happy shallowness" of the students who were interviewed. As a parent of 3 college students it got me thinking.

My oldest daughter attends UNL (the university they reported had the best results from alcohol intervention programs.) There is still plenty of drinking going on there but I know that when my daughter and friends party they are VERY consciencious about planning ahead. They either go planning to spend the night, or they have a designated driver, or they have someone "on call" who will come pick them up.

My other 2 kids attend The University of Colorado where they are freshman (also has earned the dubious Top Party School Award.) I was happy that during the first month of school, campus and city police were all over the place. Loads of kids got ticketed for Minor in Possession and it definitely had an impact on behavior.

It's an unhappy position for Penn State that they don't have business and alumni support. Gee - sounds a lot like our health care system.

Nancy G www.justtherightthings.com ( http://www.justtherightthings.com )

Rita Arens 7 pts

I attended a large public university and drank quite a bit in college. I lived in the dorms for two years, in a sorority house for one year and off campus for my remaining semester.

I never drank in my dorm and I never drank in my sorority house. Because I couldn't. If I got caught drinking in the dorm, I'd run the risk of being kicked out of school. If I drank in the sorority house, I'd get kicked out of the sorority. Yes, it was hypocritical that I drank in fraternity houses, but I also was on the Panhellenic counsel and had to police those parties with a friggin' clipboard as well, making sure no minors with armbands were drinking on my watch, that there was always food at the parties and that the two designated drivers from each attending sorority were sober and ready to cart their idiot friends home when they needed a ride. At the time, I hated having to be the DD for the evening and police the parties. After a friend of a friend died at a party from choking on his own vomit, I thought they were excellent policies.

I'm not sure how much a university can do outside of discipline. I'd love to believe education would matter, but if someone is determined to get soused, they'll drink cough syrup in large quantities, which some of my dorm-mates did (and I think is even more dangerous than drinking too much alcohol).

The university I attended worked with the city police department. The police department raided the bars every night looking for underage drinkers and problem drinkers. They raided house parties when the neighbors tipped them off. The fraternities and sororities for the most part policed themselves and the head of those organizations worked with the university. (She may have worked for the university -- I don't remember.) We sort of lived in fear of getting caught, which I think actually kept things safer. While there may have been a bit of streaking, nobody was turning over cars or ripping out stop signs. They would've been arrested had that happened.

If you're arrested for being a drunken ass, you should get thrown out of school. Attending college is a privelege and universities should be safe places. However, university cops are a bit of a joke and the best union is one between the university, the city and the governing bodies of fraternities and sororities. Without the understanding that a slip-up in one area means consequences everywhere, you have chaos.

I do agree with the commenter that our culture of not teaching kids to drink socially is ridiculous. Alcohol is a part of many social settings for adults, and I think parents are the best people to teach their kids how not to make an ass of themselves in social settings when alcohol is involved. I especially think parents should teach their kids how quickly hard alcohol can overwhelm a young, light person's system and how dangerous it can be to do shots. Nobody tells kids that -- they just tell them not to drink at all. That's like telling someone not to think about pink elephants, especially when they are a few scant years away from the legal drinking age.

Rita Arens writes at Surrender Dorothy ( http://surrenderdorothy.typepad.com ) and BlogHer and is the editor of Sleep is for the Weak ( http://tinyurl.com/9pg62e ). She is BlogHer's assignment and syndication editor.

mburtis 5 pts

Wow, this is such a hard dilemma. I must admit that I feel a bit hypocritical whenever I suggest that Universities crack down on drinking. I did my fair amount of partying in college -- although, I suspect my activities were fairly mild compared to the kind of behavior that the TAL episode describes (haven't heard it yet). I'm quite certain I never used anyone's yard as a make-shift porta john.

Years ago, when I was just getting into technology in higher education, I remember a friend who worked at a large university in D.C. passed on a DVD the school had just made. It was being distrbuted to all incoming freshman and it was an "alcohol awareness" program. It was sort of a game, as I remember, that was supposed to both educate and entertain at the same time -- edutainment, if you will.

I was in my late 20s at the time, not that far out of college, and I remember watching it and being completely unimpressed. It had obviously been developed by a group of college administrators who thought they were being "cool" by delivering their Very Important Message in a "hip" package. I would be willing to bet large amounts of money that it didn't make a lick of difference in the behavior of incoming freshmen.

You say, "universities employ some of the most creative, bright, and resourceful people in the country.  Why not ask them for help in cleaning up this problem in their community?" I completely agree with the first part of this statement (as one of those creative, bright, resourceful people :-) ), but when it comes to dealing with these kinds of issues I've found that universities and colleges (particulatly administrations) are wholly ineffectual. Even if their message is important, they simply can't deliver it in a way that rings true to college students. In the end, I'm afraid this backfires, making a joke out of the important message and undermining whatever good intentions were there.

My gut instincts point me in two directions: First, I've always believed young people will only act responsibly if you expect them to be responsible. If you infantalize college studnets, they will act more immature. If you ban alcohol, they will try harder to break the rules. That's why the method that Grinnell used on you worked, imho. I'm not sure I buy the argument that it only worked because Grinnell students are different from other students. If anything, they're more likely to have come from environments where parents, teachers, and other adult role models expected them to behave maturely. Students at a large state university probably come from a more varied (and, dare I say, less enlightened) backgrounds. Whether or not that can be reversed once they've reached college-age, I don't know. (Which supports the previous commenters point that this is really a depper cultural problem that is simply being magnified in the petri dish of college.)  But I doubt that University "awareness" campaigns or out-and-out bans will work.

Second, if a school is going to tackle a problem like this through some kind of education or awareness program, I think the message has to come from people who the students can trust. That's never going to be the administration, no matter how creative they are. It might mean faculty, but I'm not sure that would be appropriate--or that most faculty would be comfortable with that role. That probably means peers. I'm not sure how that would work, but I would suggest it as a place to start.

Expat Mum 5 pts

Although I do believe that young people should have to obey the laws like everyone else, the age 21 drinking law is ridiculous. These people can vote, marry, and die for their country but they can't have a drink? Perhaps if it wasn't such a forbidden fruit there would be less of a problem.

In the meantime however, if it's such a huge problem, why are these kids still at the schools? Surely there's something in the student handbook that says if they're caught doing something illegal (ie. drinking underage), they're kicked out. If this isn't happening, it's sending a message to the kids in question that it's not something the schools take seriously. You can't have it both ways.

Nancy G 5 pts

I listened to the "Party School" program this week and was blown away by the "happy shallowness" of the students who were interviewed. As a parent of 3 college students it got me thinking.

My oldest daughter attends UNL (the university they reported had the best results from alcohol intervention programs.) There is still plenty of drinking going on there but I know that when my daughter and friends party they are VERY consciencious about planning ahead. They either go planning to spend the night, or they have a designated driver, or they have someone "on call" who will come pick them up.

My other 2 kids attend The University of Colorado where they are freshman (also has earned the dubious Top Party School Award.) I was happy that during the first month of school, campus and city police were all over the place. Loads of kids got ticketed for Minor in Possession and it definitely had an impact on behavior.

It's an unhappy position for Penn State that they don't have business and alumni support. Gee - sounds a lot like our health care system.

Nancy G www.justtherightthings.com ( http://www.justtherightthings.com )

BarbD 5 pts

Otherwise known as trying to enforce solutions without addressing the underlying problems -- or even determine what those underlying problems are.

It seems to me there are so many cultural reasons leading to alcohol abuse by young people. On a purely anecodotal level, the way we treat alcohol and underage drinking is very different than what I've seen in other countries. Teen children often join their parents in a glass of wine at dinner and are able to have a drink when dining out as long as a parent is present. I can see where this makes their earliest exposure to drinking one of moderation rather than excess.

We, on the other hand, prohibit all drinking by under age people, even as young adults, warning them of the evils of alcohol. Even while we may be getting quietly smashed ourselves ;-)

My brother and I took our 19-year olds on a cross-country trip several years ago. Both were in college; both drank wine with us at dinner. I knew my son could handle it -- at 18, he'd driven to Alaska with two of his buddies, backpacked through the wilds of Denali with enough near-death experiences to make it a true adventure, and survived the drive-by tour of western states on the way home. He'd also dropped out of high school as a senior and worked full-time for several months before enrolling in college. I trusted in his ability to drink responsibly.

I was by no means always a good model for him, especially around the time his dad and I were divorcing. But I do think a lot of what happens at college begins with what parents teach and model at home. I allowed my son a lot of freedom to make his own choices. This was not the typical parenting style, even in the '90's, and that appears to be just as true today. I see young adults who have no clue how to take care of things, like paying bills, that they should know by the time they're 20.

I guess this speaks (again) to the infantilizing of teens that they talked about in the comments of Historiann's post.

Barb
The Middle Way ( http://barberra.typepad.com/ )